InfoFi Collapse: A Stark Warning on Centralized Platform Reliance, Tiger Research Reveals

The sudden implosion of the Information Finance (InfoFi) ecosystem in January 2025 delivered a harsh lesson to the Web3 world, exposing a critical vulnerability that Tiger Research, a prominent Asian blockchain analytics firm, has now definitively diagnosed: a fatal structural reliance on centralized social platforms. According to their comprehensive report, the sector’s rapid demise, which included projects like Kaito, was triggered not by a blockchain failure but by a single policy shift on the social media platform X. This event underscores a pivotal tension in the modern digital economy between innovative decentralized applications and the centralized infrastructure they often depend upon for growth and engagement.

InfoFi Collapse: The Three-Day Domino Effect

On January 15, 2025, X Product Lead Nikita Bier announced a platform-wide policy change, stating the company would no longer permit applications that reward users for posting content. Consequently, this decision immediately severed the primary user acquisition and engagement channel for numerous InfoFi projects. Tiger Research’s analysis details how the ecosystem, which had built complex incentive models atop X’s social graph, crumbled within a mere 72 hours. The report emphasizes that this was not a gradual decline but a systemic failure, highlighting the extreme operational risk when a decentralized protocol’s core functionality is inextricably linked to the terms of service of a centralized entity. Essentially, the entire economic model for these projects became non-viable overnight.

Anatomy of a Fragile Ecosystem

Tiger Research defines the InfoFi sector as a subset of SocialFi (Social Finance) that specifically incentivizes the creation, curation, and sharing of information through token-based rewards. Projects typically rewarded users with native tokens for actions like posting threads, engaging with content, or providing accurate data predictions. However, the firm’s report identifies two core structural flaws. First, the overwhelming majority of user activity and reward distribution was funneled through a single API—X’s. Second, many projects employed incentive designs that prioritized rapid growth over sustainable value creation, leading to token inflation and speculative behavior rather than genuine utility. The table below contrasts the intended design versus the realized vulnerability:

This misalignment created a house of cards, vulnerable to the slightest change in external policy. The collapse affected developers, investors, and thousands of users who had contributed time and content, raising significant questions about user protection and data portability in such hybrid models.

Expert Analysis from Tiger Research

Tiger Research, known for its deep forensic analysis of Asian Web3 markets, based its conclusions on on-chain data tracing, project documentation review, and interviews with affected developers. Their report moves beyond describing the event to analyze the underlying economic and technical assumptions that proved faulty. The researchers argue that the incident is a canonical case study in platform risk, a concept well-known in traditional tech but often underestimated in blockchain circles that champion decentralization. They note that while the blockchain layers themselves remained secure and operational, the application layer—the bridge to mainstream users—completely failed due to external, off-chain decisions.

The Path Forward: Scenarios for InfoFi 2.0

Despite the dramatic fallout, Tiger Research suggests the underlying concept of incentivizing valuable information is not obsolete. The firm predicts the emergence of an “InfoFi 2.0,” driven by the few projects that demonstrated genuine product-market fit and those that learn from these critical mistakes. The report outlines several potential evolutionary paths for surviving and new projects, each representing a strategic pivot away from pure platform dependency. These potential paths include a complete shutdown and return of capital, a pivot to a bounty-style grant platform for specific research tasks, or an adoption of a sponsored influencer review model with clearer regulatory boundaries. Furthermore, expansion to multiple social platforms like YouTube, TikTok, and Lens Protocol could dilute platform risk. Finally, some projects may evolve into full-service management platforms for Key Opinion Leaders (KOLs), offering tooling beyond simple token rewards.

• Multi-Platform Expansion: Building on decentralized social graphs and diversifying across several major platforms to mitigate single-source risk.
• Value-Aligned Incentives: Shifting token rewards from volume-based metrics to quality-based or reputation-based metrics verified by community mechanisms.
• Enhanced Sovereignty: Developing stronger user data portability features, allowing communities to migrate more seamlessly if a platform changes its policies.

This evolution will likely involve closer integration with decentralized identity solutions and reputation protocols, creating a more resilient and user-centric infrastructure. The goal is to place the community and its data at the center, with social platforms serving as optional conduits rather than essential choke points.

Broader Implications for Web3 and Decentralization

The InfoFi collapse serves as a crucial stress test for the entire Web3 narrative. It forces a re-examination of what “decentralization” truly means in practice. A project can have a decentralized token distribution and governance model on-chain yet remain completely centralized in its user acquisition and daily operations. This event will likely accelerate several trends within the blockchain sector, including increased due diligence on off-chain dependencies, a push for more robust decentralized social infrastructure, and greater emphasis on sustainable tokenomic models that do not rely on perpetual new user influx from a single source. Regulatory bodies may also scrutinize how these models intersect with existing financial and content moderation regulations, especially concerning user rewards.

Conclusion

The InfoFi collapse, as meticulously documented by Tiger Research, stands as a defining moment for the Web3 industry. It vividly illustrates the profound risks of building decentralized economies on centralized platforms. While the immediate aftermath resulted in significant disruption and loss, the analysis provides a valuable blueprint for a more resilient future. The potential rise of InfoFi 2.0 will depend on projects that internalize these lessons, prioritizing genuine utility, multi-platform strategies, and user sovereignty over rapid, fragile growth. Ultimately, this event may strengthen the broader movement toward a more robust and authentically decentralized internet.

FAQs

Q1: What exactly was the InfoFi ecosystem?
A1: InfoFi, or Information Finance, was a sector within Web3’s SocialFi landscape. It encompassed projects that used cryptocurrency tokens to incentivize users for creating, sharing, and curating online information and content, primarily on social media platforms.

Q2: What specific event triggered the collapse according to Tiger Research?
A2: The direct trigger was a policy change announced by X (formerly Twitter) on January 15, 2025. The platform stated it would ban applications that reward users for posting. This removed the core mechanism for most InfoFi projects, which relied on X’s API to function, causing them to fail within days.

Q3: Does Tiger Research believe the InfoFi concept is dead?
A3: No. The research firm believes the core idea has merit but that the initial execution was flawed. They predict an “InfoFi 2.0” will emerge, consisting of projects that learn from these mistakes by diversifying across platforms and designing more sustainable, value-based incentive models.

Q4: What is the main lesson for other Web3 projects from this collapse?
A4: The paramount lesson is to rigorously assess and mitigate “platform risk.” Projects must avoid over-reliance on a single centralized service for critical operations like user access. Building on decentralized infrastructure or diversifying across multiple platforms is essential for long-term resilience.

Q5: What are some examples of potential “InfoFi 2.0” models?
A5: Potential new models include bounty platforms for specific research tasks, tools for KOL (Key Opinion Leader) management with integrated analytics, multi-platform content syndication systems, and quality-based reward systems that use community voting or reputation scores instead of simple engagement metrics.